GPT-1

OpenAI o3

OpenAI's most powerful reasoning model, pushing the frontier across coding, math, science, and visual perception. Trained to think longer before responding and agentically use tools (web search, code execution, image generation) to solve complex problems. Sets new SOTA on benchmarks like Codeforces and MMMU.

OpenAI o4-mini

A smaller, cost-efficient reasoning model from OpenAI optimized for speed. Achieves remarkable performance for its size, particularly in math, coding, and visual tasks. Supports significantly higher usage limits than o3 and can agentically use tools.

OpenAI o4 Mini High

OpenAI o4-mini-high is the same model as o4-mini but defaults to a high reasoning effort setting. It's a compact reasoning model optimized for speed and cost-efficiency, retaining strong multimodal and agentic capabilities, especially in math, coding, and visual tasks.

DALL-E 3

DALL-E 3 auto-improves user inputs via ChatGPT integration and blocks prohibited content with 99.9% precision using multimodal classifiers.

GPT-4o (Omni)

GPT-4o processes text, images, and audio through a unified transformer architecture and offers real-time translation for 154 languages with 89.2% BLEU score on low-resource languages.

GPT-4.1

GPT-4.1 is a flagship large language model optimized for advanced instruction following, real-world software engineering, and long-context reasoning. It supports a 1 million token context window and outperforms GPT-4o and GPT-4.5 across coding (54.6% SWE-bench Verified), instruction compliance (87.4% IFEval), and multimodal understanding benchmarks. It is tuned for precise code diffs, agent reliability, and high recall in large document contexts, making it ideal for agents, IDE tooling, and enterprise knowledge retrieval.

o3 Mini

o3 Mini is a smaller, more efficient version of the o3 model, optimized for faster response times and lower computational costs while maintaining high-quality outputs.

o1

o1 achieves 86% accuracy on Mathematics Olympiad benchmarks (vs. GPT-4o's 13%), offers PhD-level STEM proficiency, and maintains a 0.17% deceptive response rate in synthetic testing.

GPT-4.5

GPT-4.5 is a step forward in scaling up pre-training and post-training. With broader knowledge, improved intent understanding, and greater 'EQ', it excels at natural conversations, writing, programming, and practical problem solving with reduced hallucinations. GPT-4.5 achieved 62.5% accuracy on SimpleQA and a 37.1% hallucination rate, significantly outperforming GPT-4o and other models.

ChatGPT-4o (March 2025)

An updated version of GPT-4o that feels more intuitive, creative, and collaborative. Follows instructions more accurately, handles coding tasks more smoothly, and communicates in a clearer, more natural way with more concise responses and fewer markdown levels.

GPT-4o mini

GPT-4o mini is OpenAI's newest model after GPT-4 Omni, supporting both text and image inputs with text outputs. As their most advanced small model, it is many multiples more affordable than other recent frontier models, and more than 60% cheaper than GPT-3.5 Turbo. It maintains SOTA intelligence, while being significantly more cost-effective.

GPT-4.1 Nano

For tasks that demand low latency, GPT‑4.1 nano is the fastest and cheapest model in the GPT-4.1 series. It delivers exceptional performance at a small size with its 1 million token context window, and scores 80.1% on MMLU, 50.3% on GPQA, and 9.8% on Aider polyglot coding – even higher than GPT‑4o mini. It's ideal for tasks like classification or autocompletion.

GPT-4.1 Mini

GPT-4.1 Mini is a mid-sized model delivering performance competitive with GPT-4o at substantially lower latency and cost. It retains a 1 million token context window and scores 45.1% on hard instruction evals, 35.8% on MultiChallenge, and 84.1% on IFEval. Mini also shows strong coding ability (e.g., 31.6% on Aider's polyglot diff benchmark) and vision understanding, making it suitable for interactive applications with tight performance constraints.

GPT-3.5 Turbo

GPT-3.5 Turbo is OpenAI's fastest model. It can understand and generate natural language or code, and is optimized for chat and traditional completion tasks.

GPT-4

OpenAI's flagship model, GPT-4 is a large-scale multimodal language model capable of solving difficult problems with greater accuracy than previous models due to its broader general knowledge and advanced reasoning capabilities. Training data: up to Sep 2021.

GPT-2

A direct scale-up of GPT-1 with 1.5 billion parameters, trained on 8 million web pages. Known for its ability to generate coherent text, sometimes indistinguishable from humans, but could be repetitive.